Awareness Of Their Learning Styles Is Important Education Essay

IntroductionBackground of the StudyIn English ‘learning procedure, pupils ‘ consciousness of their acquisition manners is iffiportant for several grounds. First is because there are differences in ways of pupils learn which is called as acquisition manners. Second is that larning manners is an of import factor in English larning due to the activation of pupils ‘ senses such as eyes ( seeing ) , ears ( hearing ) custodies ( touching ) and organic structure ( touching and traveling ) which one of them is more dominant in each person. Therefore, pupils ‘ consciousness of ain acquisition manners can besides assist them to understand their ain failings and strengths in larning procedure. In other words, they will cognize what sort of larning activities make understand lesson easier or vise versa. Third is because pupils ‘ consciousness of ain acquisition manners can assist them fit their acquisition manners with appropriate larning schemes in English acquisit ion in order to accomplish effectual acquisition. This matching is so really important for pupils because it can assist to make interesting and motivational acquisition procedure. Based on the above grounds, it can be said that pupils ‘ consciousness of their ain propensity manners is really of import as it can increase pupils ‘ larning accomplishment in English acquisition. 2 Teaching English to non English pupils can be hard due to pupils ‘ limited interaction to the English in their day-to-day life Therefore, to happen out most appropriate instruction and acquisition manners in English acquisition, instructors should hold the cognition of their pupils ‘ manners in acquisition. Teachers who know their pupils ‘ preferred acquisition manners can fit their instruction manners with pupils larning manners. This is really of import as it consequence greatly to the effectivity of the instruction and acquisition procedure. Students ‘ preferred acquisition manners can assist instructors to fix lesson program and make up one's mind acquisition activities and learning schemes based on consideration of assortment of their pupils ‘ acquisition manners in a peculiar schoolroom. Teachers ‘ consciousness of their pupils ‘ acquisition manners, hence, can be an effectual base in order to make effectual, actuating and interesting larning environment for pupils. In short, the above account shows the importance of carry oning a survey on pupils ‘ preferred acquisition manners in larning English. The survey is of import in order to acquire intended informations sing sort of acquisition manners preferred by pupils in their acquisition in English lessons.2. Problem StatementBased on the above accounts about larning manners, job statement of this survey is stated as follow: 3 What are twelvemonth 2 pupils of SMPN 27 Bekasi acquisition manners penchants in English acquisition?3. Method of the StudySing the research question/problem, this survey has been designed to be a descriptive qualitative 1. A study has been employed as the technique for roll uping the required informations. A set of questionnaire has been used with some SMPN pupils. An interview was besides done to some SMPN pupils. The instruments were aimed at obtaining informations about pupils ‘ larning hordeolums penchants in English acquisition.4. Purpose of the StudyThis survey chiefly aims at look intoing larning manners in English acquisition preferred by twelvemonth 2 pupils of SMPN 27 Bekasi. The acquisition manners are classified into the four sensory modes ( ocular, audile, haptic and kinaesthetic ) . This survey focuses on roll uping informations about pupils ‘ preferred acquisition manner in English lesson.5. Benefit of the StudyInformation about acquisition manners which p referred by twelvemonth 2 pupils of SMPN 27 Bekasi will be utile for instructors of SvWN 27 Bekasi to assist them to advance appropnate interesting, effectual and actuating learning environment which are antiphonal to stuGents neeas 4 because it is based on assortment of pupils ‘ acquisition manners prefererees in their categories. In pattern, instructors of twelvemonth 2 pupils of SMPN 27 Bekasi can make learning activities in their lesson programs based on infonnation about pupils ‘ preferred acquisition manners. Furthermore, twelvemonth 2 pupils of SMPN 27 Bekasi may besides profit from the consequence of this survey as they can happen out theit strengths and failings in larning so that they can happen two ways to larn best in any sort of larning state of affairss. Finally, it is hoped that by utilizing the information about acquisition manners penchants of pupils, both pupils and instructors can hold an effectual relationship in instruction and larning procedure as they can collaborate to accomplish effectual larning based on pupils ‘ preferred acquisition manners.Chapter IILITERATURE REVIEWLearning Styles in English Learning1.1. Learning MannersThe term â€Å" learning manner † was defined in many different ways. Kinsella ( 1995 ) described a learning manner as an person ‘s natural, accustomed, and preferable ways of absorbing, processing, and retaining new information and accomplishments which persist regardless of learning methods or content country ( p.171 ) . In another manner, Ellis ( 1985, cited in Vester, 2006 ) suggests a learning manner as the more or less consistent manner in which a individual perceives, conceptualizes, organizes and recalls information ( available: hypertext transfer protocol: //TEC.candem.rutge rs.edu JALT ) . In add-on, Jester and Miller ( 2000 ) stated that 1s larning manners are the manner they prefer to larn. It does non hold anything to make with how intelligent they are or what skills they have learned. It has to make with how the encephalon works most expeditiously to larn new information. ( available: http/www.metamath.com/isweb/dvclearn.htm ) . Then, larning manners, for the intent of this survey can be defined as a natural manner in which a individual preferred to larn best. It can be more consistent in grownups and less consistent in kids due to the consequence of some factors. Learning manners are ways of larning which include the procedure of absorbing and perceiving, 6 processing ( conceptualized assistance organized ) , and retaining or remember nw information and accomplishments. Learning manners are non affected by how intelligent the individual is, nevertheless, it is about how person ‘s encephalon can work dominantly and most efficaciously and expeditiously when larning new information or accomplishments. The original plants refering the engagement of senses which occur in larning procedure was developed by John Grindler and Richard Bandler in 1970 from the filed of Neurolinguistic Programming ( NLP ) . There are four rules of Neurolinguistic Programmming which are stated as follows ( O'Connor and McDermott 1996 ; Revell and Norman 1997 ) : 1. Results: the ends or terminals. NLP claims that cognizing exactly what you want helps you achieve it. This rule can be expressed as â€Å" cognize what you want. † 2. Rapport: a factor that is indispensable for effectual communication- maximizing similarities and minimising differences between people at a non witting degree. This rule can be expressed as â€Å" set up resonance with yourself and so with others. † 3. Sensoiy sharp-sightedness: noticing what another individual is pass oning, consciously and non-verbally. This can be expressed as â€Å" Use your senses. Look at, listen to and experience what is really go oning, † 4. Flexibility: making things otherwise if what you are making is non working: holding a scope of accomplishments to make something different. This can 7 be expressed as â€Å" Keep altering what you do until you get what you want. Types of acquisition manners used in this survey were drawn from rule 3. The look â€Å" Use your senses such as â€Å" expression at † was meant as ocular ( seeing ) , â€Å" listen to † was meant as auditory ( hearing ) and â€Å" experience † what is really go oning meant as tactile and kinaesthetic ( touch and move ) . † hi linguistic communication acquisition, the consciousness of the activation of senses has been developed by Dunn, Dunn and Prices ( 1975 ) . This theoretical account is categorized into four centripetal modes: ( 1 ) visual ( seeing ) , ( 2 ) auditory ( hearing ) , haptic ( touching or hands-on activities ) and ( 4 ) kinesthetic ( whole organic structure motions ) which classified under physiological stimulations in larning. Ocular scholars learn best though their eyes while audile scholars learn best when they hear them. Tactile scholars learn though their custodies and kinaesthetic scholars learn best through their organic structure motions ( custodies and organic structure ) .1.2. The Importance of Students ‘ Awareness of Their Preferred Learning StylesWhen larning English, pupils besides need to be cognizant of their preferable acquisition manners. Knowledge of larning manners preferred by their ain can assist them to larn English easier. Students who realize their preferab le acquisition manners will cognize their ain strengths and failings in 8 larning. Then, they ‘ will be able to larn efficaciously. Students who are cognizant of their acquisition manners will fell more comfy and motivated in larning through their preferable manners and may seek to other manners in order to get the better of their failings. They can seek other manners of larning in order to develop their acquisition manners. However, in order to be cognizant of their ain acquisition manner penchants, foremost their instructor should aware of his/her pupils larning manners penchants. Teacher demands to present the being of single acquisition manners penchants to his/her pupils. It is hoped, by making so, instructors can raise pupils ‘ consciousness of their ain acquisition manners penchants. Kang ( 2005 ) suggests that instructor should assist pupils detect their ain acquisition penchants and supply constructive thoughts about the advantages and disadvantages of assorted manners. Besides, instructors should esteem the acquisition manners penchan ts and encourages their development, while at the same clip making chances from experiment with different ways of acquisition. ( p.7 ) Fro the above accounts, it can be concluded that, pupils can be cognizant of their ain preferable acquisition manners through instructors ‘ consciousness of his/her pupils preferred acquisition manners1.3. Learning Styles-Based English LearningTo provide with pupils ‘ acquisition manners. teacher can fit acquisition activities with acquisition manners penchants features. For illustration, in reading accomplishment, visuat pupils who learn best from what they see can utilize 9 high visible radiation to assist them to read chief thought in each paragraph or they may utilize images as larning AIDSs in larning all linguistic communication accomplishments. Auditory scholars can larn linguistic communication accomplishments if there is much account and ( or ) unwritten direction from instructor. Tactile scholars can utilize method such as Entire Physical Response or they may utilize games on the board or pulling. Kinesthetic scholars need to travel out of schoolroom to larn speech production and composing accomplishment in English larning based on pupils ‘ mode strengths are aimed at easing effectual and interesting acquisition environment for pupils. In add-on, illustrations of English larning based on larning manners are as follows ( available: hypertext transfer protocol: //members.aoLcomlChineseLLC/style3.htm ) : I. In reading and authorship, ocular scholars may larn new vocabulary by rewriting them in notebook and divided them into subject countries, so they can see and read them. In reading, usage colourss to foreground the chief thoughts in text edition. To beef up listening accomplishment, when larning duologues and new vocabulary, seek to utilize both text book cassette tape at the same clip and so merely listen to the tape. 2. In listening and speech production, audile scholars may larn duologues and drills by declaiming them out loud or taping them and play them back. In tinkle and reading, instructors can play soft music to attach to them. 3. in listening and reading, tactile and kinaesthetic pupils can utilize whilelistening and reading activities. For illustration, instructors can inquire pupils to make full in a tabular array while listening to a talk, or to label a diagram while 10 reading In speech production, pupils can hold presentation so that at the same clip they can talk and used their custodies. In composing, they can rewrite the paragraph. The suggestions of larning styles-based English acquisition above are designed to fit with each centripetal perceptual experience. The purposes of them are to make effectual linguistic communication acquisition.2. Features of Junior High School Students.In general, junior high school pupils are adolescents which aged between 12-15 old ages pld. When they were at simple degree, they have ability to prosecute in many activities which required organic structure activation ( games, drama, dance, ete ) . Beyond simple degrees, nevertheless, they have more abilities which developed due to their age. In acquisition, these pupils have characteristic such as they begin to hold the ability to listen to instructors and go more comprehend to instructors ‘ direction and account. Price ( 1980, cited in Kinsella,1995 ) suggest that seemingly, the ability to retrieve three-fourthss of what pupils ‘ hear in a 50- minute period does non develop among many immature scholars before the 6th class, and among under winners non until high school and sometimes non at all ( p.173 ) . Therefore, in general. pupils at secondary degrees have the ability to remember what they hear. This is the ability that they do non hold at simple degrees. .1 aˆ?1T 11 Based on Bruner ‘s theories of acquisition, stated from age 8 old ages old, kids have some abilities. On Bruner ‘s phases, pupils above 8 twelvemonth old have the ability to understand and to utilize symbols to stand for people, topographic points, and things ( hypertext transfer protocol: //tiger.towson.edu/jclingl/Learningtheor.htm ) . At junior high school, these abilities are still eist. They can be seen in signifier of ocular ability. In decision, junior high school pupils have abilities which they have had since they were at the simple degrees. In add-on, they besides have some other abilities i.e. the ability to remember and grok what they hear. All abilities above are integrated at the degree of junior high school.3. Learning Styles and Junior High School StudentsIn general, Junior high pupils have develop all four centripetal modes at the clip they start rate 7. The four modes develop in sequence. When they were at first degree of simple school, they largely learn best through tactile and kinaesthetic acquisition manners. At the 2nd class, they start to develop ocular acquisition manners. Finally at the 6th class of simple school, most pupils have developed the ability to grok lessons through their hearing ( auditory ) . Price ( 1980, cited in Kinsella,1995 ) stated that mode sfrenh evolve and by and large go more incorporate th age. Children are basically more haptic and kinaesthetic in the primary classs but with clip their penchants evolve 12 from psychomotor ( larning through touching and experimenting ) to ocular at about 2nd class and eventually auditory at the terminal of simple school. Apparently, the ability to retrieve three-fourthss of what pupils ‘ hear in a 50-minute period does non develop among many immature scholars before the 6 class, and among under winners non until high school and sometimes non at all ( p.173 ) . In decision, kinaesthetic, haptic, ocular and audile acquisition manners have developed wholly at junior high school. Although, for some underperformers, audile learning manner does non develop at junior high school degrees. For them, the ability to larn through their hearing seems to be extended or may non be developed even until they finish high school.Chapter ffiMethodologyThis survey focuses on pupils ‘ preferred acquisition manners in English acquisition. it aims at happening replies to the undermentioned research inquiries: What are twelvemonth 2 pupils of SMPN 27 Bekasi preferred larning manners in English acquisition? To happen reply to the inquiries, this descriptive qualitative survey employed a study as the technique of informations aggregation.1. Population and SamplePopulation of this survey covers all twelvemonth 2 pupils of SMPN 27 Bekasi. 92 twelvemonth 2 pupils from two categories ( VlI1-l and VTIU-2 ) in SMP ( c 27 Bekasi were involved as samples of this survey. 2. Time and Topographic point of The Study The research was conducted on 24 November 2006 until 15 December 2006 at SMPN 27 Bekasi.3. Data Collection1. Instruments1- ,‘314 For informations aggregation intents, a set of questionnaire has been developed with mention to Learning Style Analysis, Junior Version taken from website hypertext transfer protocol: //www.creativelearning.com. In add-on, interviews were besides done to six pupils from category VIII1 and Vffl-2. The questionnaire has two parts. Part I, consists of three inquiries aims at arousing information on respondents ‘ background i.e ; . ( 1 ) name ( 2 ) age and ( 3 ) degree of instruction and name of category. Part II consists of 20 inquiries about larning manners in four linguistic communication accomplishment. Questions figure I to 5 represented ocular acquisition manner, figure 6 to 10 are for audile learning manner while figure 11 to 15 are for haptic learning manner and the last five inquiries are for kinaesthetic acquisition manner. The questionnaire has been designed in Indonesian to avoid respondents ‘ misconstruing inquiries related to concept which is possible due to the limited exposures to English in their mundane acquisition. It is expected that this scheme will increase the dependability of the obtained responses. The 90 two transcripts of questionnaires which were distributed to respondents through their instructor were all returned to the research worker. Based on the consequence, some interesting and utile informations can be observed. 15 Interview to stiidents were besides done in order to happen out pupils ‘ acquisition manners penchants in four linguistic communication accomplishments in English acquisition. They were asked 20 inquiries which were same as the inquiries on the quesiioniaire. Based on the interview, some interesting findings were besides can be observed.3. Datas AnalysisSimple frequence analysis has been employed to treat informations. Obtained information was tabulated and per centum value of each class was calculated. The consequences were so analyzed and interpreted with regard to the research inquiries. The following are Numberss of specific stairss of the analysis: 1. Distributing questionnaires to pupils. 2. Interviewing the pupils. 3. Tabling Numberss of responses from questionnaire and interview. Then, ciphering them in per centum value. 4. Showing the per centum values in signifier of tabular arraies. 5. Synchronized the consequence of each per centum value. 6. Describing pupils ‘ acquisition manners penchants qualitatively.

How the Internet Has Changed Life Essay

Our lives have changed beyond recognition since the Internet was launched in the year 1989. In a short space of 18 years people are already beginning to wonder how they would ever have coped without it. We use the it to send e-mail, pay out utility bills, reserve tickets for flights or theatre, update our bank accounts, apply for loans and mortgages, purchase stock market shares, browse and purchase items from Internet stores, and of course to check up on every kind of day to day information, e. g. news, weather and financial market indexes. Previously all these tasks entailed time-consuming and laborious physical procedures. see more:short paragraph on internet For example, finding time on a weekday to visit the bank was irksome and clashed with our 9-5 routine. We used the ‘snail-mail’ for our post, and queued up hours to get tickets to theatres or sports events. We couldn’t even think of getting a bank loan, or a mortgage, without a stern appointment with our bank manager, and most of our shopping was necessarily a chore. Many are opting to ‘telecommute’ as well, which means that they work from home with the PC connected to the office intranet, so they are able to avoid the horror of commuting to and from work daily. The Internet is now the primary means to secure a job. Students secure admissions to college and university online. After having got in they continue to depend on the Internet to collect course notes and other study materials, and even submit completed papers to their instructors. This is not to mention that the Internet is the greatest possible source of scholarly information. Not only is the university library at the student’s fingertips, but the Internet itself is the most comprehensive library imaginable. Even romance is not exempt from the digital domain. Through online dating agencies many people meet their future life partners and spouses on the Net. Not only work, the Internet has also become our station for play. ‘Browsing the Net’ has become our favorite pastime, and indeed an addiction for many. We frequent websites based on our favorite sports personalities and movie stars. ‘Web chatting’ is also a hugely popular pastime on the Internet, where live conversations and discussions are carried out on specially designed thematic forums. With the advent of ‘file sharing’ we are swapping and sharing music and videos over the Net based on fan clubs and interest groups. By a recent estimate (Lipsman 2008) 694 million people worldwide use the Internet on a regular basis. This is a measure of how far it has infiltrated and changed our lives. Paradoxically, the Internet was devised by the military and was originally meant for the most secretive information. It is now the very by-word for openness. Of course, as with every technology, there are attendant evils. Along with authentic and reliable information, there is a flood of vindictive and motivated propaganda. Just as scholars are able to meet on the net to advance knowledge, so do terrorists come together with their evil designs. Healthy entertainment is overwhelmed by the perverse form of it. In a recent study (Flichy 2007) it has been estimated that a quarter of all the websites are pornographic. The revered institution of copyright is being ravaged more and more everyday, where copyrighted material is being made freely available by unscrupulous parties, to the detriment of artists and inventors everywhere. The music industry is losing everyday its battle against the Internet piracy of music. Hackers also pose another looming menace. Not everything fed into the Internet is meant to be available to everyone. Much of it is personal or corporate information that is for restricted use. Hackers try to break into databases containing such information, purely for disruptive purposes. All the problems mentioned above derive from the characteristically open nature of the Internet. When it is abused it is open to evil, even to the same extent that it is a cause for good. In this last respect the Internet is affecting the most fundamental change to our society. It is the incursions into privacy, private property and decency that pose the gravest dangers, and therefore threatens to change our society in fundamental ways. All these dangers were apparent in the very early days of the Internet. Writing in the Encarta Yearbook of 1996 Gary Chapman says: This revolutionary information network ignores geographic and governmental barriers, undermines obscenity and pornography laws and restrictions, has the potential to invade individual privacy in numerous ways, and threatens to divide society between the information haves and have-nots. The government was quick to react to such alarm. In the same year Congress passed the CDA (Communications Decency Act) with the aim of cleansing the Internet of all forms of pornography. But is quickly became apparent to all parties that such a law was non-enforceable. As in all obscenity trials throughout the history of the country, the borders of obscenity could never be agreed upon. Any effort in this direction soon found itself in direct opposition to the First Amendment of the Constitution, that which protects free speech and opinion. Consequently, the following year the Supreme Court annulled the Congressional ruling as unconstitutional, and Justice John Paul Stevens (1997), in his summary of the Court’s opinion, identified the problem starkly: Notwithstanding the legitimacy and importance of the Congressional goal of protecting children from harmful materials, we agree with the three-judge District Court that the statute abridges â€Å"the freedom of speech† protected by the First Amendment. The Internet being the embodiment of free speech, it proved impossible to curtail it in any way. In more recent times Professor Lawrence Lessig of the University of Chicago has pointed to a deeper link between the Internet and the American psyche. Freedom of speech, he avers, is the fundamental tenet of American culture, and any encroachment on this principle threatens the nation as a whole. He opposes the new laws passed by Congress more recently that are aimed at stemming piracy: â€Å"What the law demands today is increasingly silly as a sheriff arresting an airplane for trespass. But the consequences of this silliness will be much more profound† (Lessig, 2004, p. 12). Lessig’s argument is that censorship has never been effectively carried out on American soil, and it is exactly this which has imbued character to the nation and has made it great. All the greatest accomplishment in art and science were result of free speech, he maintains. In his book Free Culture: How Big Media Uses Technology and the Law to Lock Down Culture he goes on to show how Walt Disney was in effect the master pirate. He burst into the limelight in the year 1928 with the short animation â€Å"Steamboat Bill†, featuring the character of Mickey Mouse is a previous personification as Willie. Not only did this steal the name from Buster Keaton’s 1928 classic Steamboat Bill Jr but the plot and humor it as well. Lessig builds on this document by showing that each and every one of Disney’s sumptuous productions were concocted from material of various talent, none of whom are acknowledged. The special stamp of Disney came from the process of the mix, and even more so from the process of burn, by which his creation enters culture and becomes an integral part of the American psyche. â€Å"Rip, mix and burn,† he says is the formula behind America’s entrepreneurial success. It personified the American way to creativity, which must necessarily flourish in an environment of free speech: These values built a tradition that, for at least the first 180 years of our Republic, guaranteed creators the right to build freely upon their past, and protected creators and innovators from either state or private control. †¦ Our tradition was neither Soviet nor the tradition of patrons. It instead carved out a wide berth within which creators could cultivate and extend our culture. (Ibid, p. 10) Any form of censorship is to create a nobility of information, where only the privileged have access, and this is fundamentally un-American. â€Å"But it is nobility of any form that is alien to our culture† (Ibid, p. 11). Lessig avers hope for the Internet, even though he is unable to offer concrete examples of creativity emerging from the tumultuous mix that is the Internet. He reasons from history, tradition and the American ideal. At the heart of this ideal is â€Å"free speech†, and the Internet is the ultimate embodiment of it. It the experience of many that the Internet is a force for good, despite the endless avenues for corruption that it leaves open. The general verdict is that the good outweighs the evil, which is in line with the optimism expressed by Lessig. References Chapman, G. (1996). â€Å"The Internet: Promise and Peril in Cyberspace. † Encarta Yearbook, May 1996. New York: Microsoft Corporation. Flichy, P. (2007). The Internet Imaginaire. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Lessig, L. (2004). Free Culture: How Big Media Uses Technology and the Law to Lock Down Culture. New York: Penguin Publishers.

Term paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

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UK Brewing Industry - Assignment Example It is irrefutable that the brewing industry and its market in UK have significantly changed over the years. It should be noted that most of the common assumptions and preconceptions of manufacturers about their distribution channels and consumer preferences are now obsolete. Thus, Coors Brewers Ltd. (Coors) needs to institute a change of strategic directions in order to account for these important developments and trends. This report generally aims to identify the various future strategic options for Coors. The first section will conduct an environmental scanning which will examine the different changes in the market of the business organisation. Secondly, this report will briefly outline its recommendations on how Coors can further enhance its performance by using its strengths and core competence to take advantage of the opportunities in the UK market. These will be conducted through the use of strategic management tools specifically the Ansoff Matrix. The market for alcoholic drinks is a very important sector in the UK market. It should be noted that the brewery sector generates more revenue than the other large industries like clothing, motor vehicles, tobacco, and confectionary. However, there has been a decreasing trend in alcohol consumption within UK households. It also noted that the traditional beer consumption in public houses is now overshadowed by the increasing consumer preference to consume brewed products at home as this is perceived to be more socially acceptable. The major trends in the UK brewing industry are identified as follows: "there is a growing female and mixed group influence; going to a public house is a leisure activity; consumption is often driven by occasion and events in both on-and off-trade; premium beers are becoming an important sector; there is wide choice of outlets; and there is a wide choice of brands." In addition, it should also be added that breweries which compete with Coors are now dismantling their previously owned public house estates. The younger generation also has the inclination to lagers which is a high profit segment for brewers. These diversions from the traditional market conditions posts many strategic options for Coors and other players in the UK alcoholic drinks market. The Ansoff Matrix The Ansoff's Matrixis a tool in strategic management which is utilised in order to aid in deciding the product and market growth strategy of a company. After its publication in the Harvard Business Review in 1957 in an article entitled, 'Strategies for Diversification,' this strategic management tool has gained wide popularity and recognition in the marketing world. Ansoff Matrix is specifically useful for business organizations which have growth objectives. Ansoff's product/market growth matrix suggests that a business' attempts to grow depend on whether it markets new or existing products in new or existing markets. Four strategies are generally prescribed-market penetration, market development, product development and diversification. Market penetration is a company's strategy which aims to serve current market with its existing products. With this growth strategy, the company aims to increase

Cyberbullying Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Cyberbullying - Essay Example The website stopcyberbullying.org defines cyberbullying or online bullying as â€Å"when a child, preteen or teen is tormented, threatened, harassed, humiliated, embarrassed or otherwise targeted by another child, preteen or teen using the Internet, interactive and digital technologies or mobile phones.†The site further states cyberbullying involves minors; otherwise, if adults are involved it is labeled as cyber-harassment or cyberstalking. There are several ways how a minor is cyberbullied. These include pretending to be someone else to trick the other person, spreading lies and rumors about the victim, deceiving people to provide personal information, sending cruel or malicious messages and posting pictures of the victims without their knowledge.2 There are a number of measures which can be done to prevent cyberbullying. â€Å"Education and awareness is the key. Parents and teachers need to understand the problem, and understand the technology.† Since it is next to i mpossible to limit the access of kids to electronic technologies, parents can purchase software programs which can monitor their children’s communications and the websites they visit. On the other hand, schools should educate their students regarding cyber ethics, discuss cyberbullying, advice students how to stay away from it and talk about its negative effects. Among the other institutions, it is the schools that play an important role in stopping and remedying cyberbullying. They should promulgate policies that will discipline students who engage in such acts, whether inside or outside the campus, especially if it adversely affects other kids in school. Schools, however, should be careful not to exceed their authority, lest they be sued. They should encourage their students to report to their teachers or other school authorities if they are victims or are aware of cyberbullying incidents. Schools can also provide pamphlets which could give advice on how to be â€Å"cyber- safe†, such as not sharing or posting personal information online; not divulging internet passwords with anyone except their parents; not personally meeting anyone whom they just know through the net and to always remember to talk to their parents on what activities they do online.4 As of February 2011, there are already 44 states that have cyberbullying laws according to the Cyberbullying Research Center.The Center goes on to specify that of these 44 states, six states specifically mention â€Å"cyberbullying† while 31 states specifically mention â€Å"electronic harassment†. These legislations are indeed a welcome improvement in the status of prevention of cyberbullying. In an article written by O’Neil, he suggested that it is difficult to pursue a civil or criminal case on cyberbullying because of the high standards that the Supreme Court has established for incitement.6 He pointed out further that although the Tort and Libel Laws are in place, they are inadequate to protect an individual from cyberbullying. I believe that legislation against cyberbullying have a long way to go. The state should not be reactive in introducing new laws against cyberbullying; rather it should be proactive and not wait for more tragedies to happen before it begins to act. Aside from government policies, the business sector also has a responsibility in barring cyberbullying.  

Management Psychology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management Psychology - Essay Example Convents. Institutions to take care of diseased and mentally retarded persons. Culture refers to a system of shared meaning held by members that distinguishes the nation or organization from the rest. The main function of culture is to create a distinction between nations and organizations. Culture conveys a sense of identity for organization members. Culture facilitates the generation of commitment to something larger than one's individual self interest. Culture also enhances the stability of the social system. Culture id the social glue that helps the organization held together by appropriate standards for what employees should say and do. In the articles, Goffman addresses the details of a total institution with reference to mentally retarded persons, prisons etc. There are a lot of problems in the system of total institution. Some of the major cultural mistakes include: When one wants to change an aspect of the culture of an organization one has to keep in consideration that this is a long term project. Corporate culture is something that is very hard to change and employees need time to get used to the new way of organizing. For companies with a very strong and specific culture it will be even harder to change. The following stages can be used to bring the change: Changes in culture can lead to tensions between organizational and individual interests, which can result in ethical and legal problems for practitioners. This is particularly relevant for changes in employee integrity, control, equitable treatment and job security. These are the various

THE DEATH OF CHRIST Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

THE DEATH OF CHRIST - Essay Example It begun after the Last Supper with his twelve disciples, when the apostle Judas Escariot betrayed him, the Jews accusing him of blasphemy. It was his own people who brought him to Pontius Pilate, a Roman leader to be punished and crucified in Nazareth between two convicted thieves. Christ death is very important especially to the Christians, as it depicts how their Messiah have come to the world to redeem men of all the evil of sins through his sinless blood and sacrifice. We are all born of original sin, since the fall of Adam and Eve. Through Christ’s death, we are saved of such original sin. He is the â€Å"lamb of God that takes away the sins of the world† (John 1:36). He had to suffer a painful death in order that men would appreciate the salvation and the love of God for us, that he was willing to give up His only son in order to save us. He was scorned, beaten, spitted on by the people of Nazareth and the Romans, in so that in every violent act of man on the inn ocent Christ, such sin was forgiven upon his death. We see in this the violence of our own sins upon the life of one who was innocent. Taking every pain and insult humbly, as he accepts the sin of men in order to save them, who did not believe in Him.

School Uniforms Essay Example for Free

School Uniforms Essay Uniforms in the School Environment: Can Clothing Really Effect Your Education? Going to public schools all my life, I heard the gossip of fashion and whose wearing what,pretty much everyday; at least in the four years of high school where it seemed that looks mattered the most. As people grow up, the way they present themselves becomes more and more important. Leaving a good mark in high school means a lot to some people, and some are ready to do whatever it takes to make that mark, whether it be putting someone down for their clothing or being an individual and not caring what others think of you or what your wearing. Having friends from middle school that branched out and went the alternative route; private schools, one of the first things that came back to me from them was how much easier it was to having a uniform to wear to school. Going to a school where uniforms are strictly enforced can help to create a better learning environment. Having uniforms would call for a lot less distraction in the classroom, there would be much more time for homework and there would not be as many problems concerning the wear of inappropriate clothing to take away from school time. A quote from the essay, The Achievement of Desire, by Richard Rodriguez fits particularly well in this essay. Get all the education you can, with an education you can do anything. This just doesnt seem like the main idea to many kids anymore and I think that uniforms would help to bring that thought back into a lot of our heads. I know that the idea of wearing a uniform repulses many people, but when broken down, school uniforms really do seem like the way to go. If it was a requirement to wear a uniform to school, there would be many more kids paying attention in classes. Looking around the classroom at what other kids are wearing is a great way to make time fly by. If everyone was wearing the same things, then the distraction of different clothing would be eliminated. Many people worry that uniforms would take away the opportunity for kids to be who they are or who they want to be, but I feel as though wearing uniforms would simply force kids to show their individualism in ways outside of fashion and appearance. When looking at an Opinion Board on the internet I came across the idea that visually uniforms result in a more equal and adult treatment of students, eliminating any idea that one student is being favored over another. Visually, all students were equal. They appeared equal which resulted in more equal treatment from both peers and teachers alike. When a student looks presentable, they will not only be treated as a student, but as an equal, which I feel both students and teachers would benefit from. In the essay, The ? Banking Concept of Education,written by Paulo Freire, there were two types of education discussed. Bankingeducation and Problem-Posing education. Banking education was looked at with the idea that the teacher was the higher power and the student was simply an object where as in Problem-Posing education, the teacher and students both taught and learned the information together. Uniforms would help bring Problem-Posing teaching back into the classrooms of many schools. There would also be a large drop in the amount of teasing that goes on in school. When I asked my old roommate, Maureen Brillante, who attended Sacred Heart Academy about the benefits of going to a school with uniforms, one of the first things she said was that it prevents peoples feelings from being hurt since everyone is wearing the same thing. There is a lot less gossip about clothes and it is much harder to judge people when everyone looks the same. The atmosphere around the whole school just seems brighter that way, she said with a big smile on her face. Having gone to an elementary school that did not have uniforms, Maureen experienced both worlds and found uniforms made high school that much easier to get through. Decisions, Decisions. Should I go home and get my homework done or should I go to the mall and get those new shoes I saw online the other day? Uniforms would help to eliminate one of these decisions. If you had to wear a uniform to school, maybe you would not be in such a rush to go buy the latest clothing, after all, you really cant even wear it to school. This gives a student more time for homework and studying. A great deal of studying and focusing is needed to succeed in school, which Richard Rodriguez emphasizes greatly in his essay The Achievement of Desire. The boy needs to spend more and more time studying, each night enclosing himself in the silence permitted and required by intense concentration. Without this concentration Rodriguez speaks of, a students grades are bound to suffer. Another benefit of uniforms is that you will save money because you wont be buying half the amount of clothes that you normally would be if you did not need to wear a uniform. This idea didnt even cross my mind until my interview with Maureen. In the long run, you really start to save money. A few outfits for the weekends are all you really need, and unless the school changes uniforms while youre there, you can pretty much wear your same uniform for as long as you can fit into it. There is also a lot more time in the mornings to wake up and have a healthy breakfast because you dont have to worry about picking out an outfit to wear. Breakfast is the most important meal of the day and I can say that there were many occasions where I skipped breakfast simply because I was running late and picking out clothes seemed to be the bigger picture at that time. I know when I was in high school, some girls came to school late or didnt come at all because they couldnt find an outfit they wanted to wear. Ridiculous? I think so. What did the wearing of school uniforms accomplish? It directly interfered with gangs, gang colors, gang associations, gang affiliations that tended to have more control over the students than either teachers or parents . . . School uniforms did away with such extra curricular activities as thievery. It is not uncommon for the police to receive calls from irate parents regarding their childs loss of an expensive clothing article. School uniformity focuses the attention on where it belongs: academics. You can find the important point that uniforms create less of a boundary to cross when it comes to what kids wear to school on the Holden Police Department web page. There are fewer rules at a school with uniforms simply because the section labeled Dress Code is either nonexistent or simply a brief section on how to wear your uniform properly. Gangs are brought into schools by the gangs members wearing their colors or their logos on their clothing. This brings together two worlds that just should never meet. Although I dont hear much about it these days, uniforms would give kids fewer things to want to steal in high school. Whether it be in the locker room or in lost-and-found, kids would be more honest, because who really wants to steal someone elses uniform? There would also be less shoplifting because kids would have enough money to buy the few outfits they need to wear outside of school. Sex-exploitation is another issue that would be eliminated with uniforms. Girls would not be allowed to wear such skimpy outfits to school, distracting less people, and creating better reputations for everyone. Less time would be spent in the schools main office and more time would be put into being in the classroom. Kids would have fewer ways to get detentions or even expulsion because inappropriate clothing would no longer exist. Forcing kids to find other ways to show their individuality would compel kids to think more about whom they are and not so much about what they wear. Although it may look as if its the cool thing to wear all the latest styles and be up on fashion, does it really seem worth it to risk getting simply an ok education? Where are those priorities of school work and studying for a test when you are out shopping at the mall? In the end it really does make the most sense to simply suck up the idea of wearing the same thing as every other girl or boy at your school and leave with a better education, and a better sense of seeing people for what and who they really are; not what they are or arent wearing. Imagining the idea of a school that one does not have to worry about what kids will say about their outfits, about whether or not what they are wearing is appropriate for school grounds or getting to the mall after school to buy that new sweater they saw in the AF catalogue (which means blowing off that tutoring secession they had to help raise their math grade), seems so far from reality and all that I knew in high school, yet at the same time seems like the ideal way to spend those four important years of high school, those four years in which all of your hard work pays off and gets you accepted into the number one college of your choice. That sounds like the perfect four years of high school to me. School Uniforms Essay Example for Free School Uniforms Essay A group of small boys and girls all warring the same colored uniforms assembled in front of a catholic school is what I imagine when thinking about school uniforms. This is probably what most people imagine. They have been attached to students of European and private schools. Such pictures of students dressing in school uniforms have led to stereotyping and a negative attitude towards schools enforcing a uniform policy. Displayed as robots without the ability to express them selves in a society that says you must express yourself and be an individual at all cost. The problem is that the cost to express yourself and be an individual is high in some cases, in Detroit, a 15-year-old boy was killed for his $86 basketball shoes (Tweeters 1997). I believe that cost is to high, it would be better to be laughed at and teased about warring a nerdy uniform, than to be shot by some gang member that did not like the color of the pants Im warring. School uniforms have been the cause of many jokes and harassment to those who wore them. In the past, public schools considered uniforms old and out dated trends, though recently many public schools are starting to implement and enforce a uniform policy. The implementation of a school uniform policy is important if we are still striving to improve our students. The arguments against them are fading while the positive reasons are promoting school uniforms and gaining ground. Some of the possible benefits are safety, cost, uniformity and competition in academics instead of fashions. The main argument against them is the need for students to express their individual selves; this argument is losing ground compared to the benefits of the uniform policy. Today many public schools are mandating and enforcing school uniforms for their students. San Antonio School district requires all 60,000 of its students to wear uniforms; over 60% of Fort Worths elementary schools require their students to ware uniforms (Radcliffe 1999). In 1995, the Texas legislature gave public school districts the authority to require uniforms under Texas State Law 11. 162 of the Texas Education Code. (Appendix A). The law however is a voluntary law; schools are not required to have a uniform policy. A Dallas attorney Domingo Garcia has filed a proposed legislation that would make it mandatory to wear uniforms in Grades k-12 in Texas (Ramos 1997). The first fundamental issue that school board officials and law makers should look at before they make new policies and laws concerning school uniforms is, will these new laws and policies have a positive impact on students overall performance. This would not be limited to academic performances only but should also include other socially learned behavior that will enhance the students ability to conform to the social norms needed to be successful in todays society. People for uniforms say that the academic performance has been and will increase by having the students ware them (Caruso 1996). A lessened degree of attention and concern with fashion will enable a better condition for serious study, as well as lesson the cultural and economic challenges of students and parents. (Cohn 1996, Paliokos 1996) Nathan Minster, a seventh grader at Country Day of Arlington said, Uniforms provide a better educational atmosphere, and symbolize school spirit. If all students dress alike, their attention will not focus on Johnnys new Tommy Hilfiger outfit. (Teeters 1996). Any situation that does not promote the improvement of students in school should be looked at and studied to find ways to change the situation. There are no positive aspects to worrying about not having the money to buy the coolest and newest fashions. Would it not be better to strive and worry about who can get the best grade or do the best science project. Is the reduction of crime going to help improve our students? We must agree that there is no part of our students lives that can be improved by the atmosphere of crime. We need to ask the question, What ought to be? When it comes to school and crime. How to deal with crime is one of the ethical questions all school administrators and lawmakers must address and act on accordingly. The statistics say that schools having a school uniform policy have seen a decrease in crime. Long Beach Unified School District was the first large urban school district in the United States to require school uniforms. They have seen substantial decreases in crime in the past five years since they have required uniforms. One incredible reduction was that sex offenses have decreased 93%. (Appendix B). The cost of implementing a uniform policy must also be looked at closely. The fact that all students have different degrees of economic status requires us to address this matter. If a student cannot afford uniforms would they not be able to go to school. Would it be better to have them spend all their money on uniforms so they could go to school, but because of that they dont have the money to participate in after school sports or social events. Maybe they would spend the money on uniforms instead of nutritious food, which could affect their health. The current Texas law does provide ways of providing uniforms for students who cannot afford to buy them. (Appendix A). The Long Beach Unified School District has privately funded over $160,000 for assistance to disadvantaged students. By doing this they have not put any financial burden on the taxpayers. The cost can be high, as it has been for the San Antonio School district, which has spent about $500,000 to outfit 90% of their students (Radcliffe 1999). Unlike Long Beach School District, San Antonios uniform policy has cost the taxpayers a lot of money. They ought to look at ways of reducing the cost to taxpayers, possible private funding from companies that participate in philanthropic programs. What are the ethical concerns for schools considering school uniforms? The nation has implemented school uniforms in about 25 percent of the public elementary, middle, and junior high schools according to the (California School News March 31,1997). The general improvements of the students who attend schools that requiring them to ware uniforms has shown an improvement. I can conclude from the improvements that we ought to have 100 percent of public schools starting uniform policies. I dont believe that waiting for years of research and study on this issue will change the outcome. Students are moving through school fast and to wait for years to go by before making this a policy can only lesson the improvement chances of the students who are currently in school. The motivation of this issue is not to infringe on students rights or burden parents with extra cost, but to simply improve the students. Do students have rights as part of the American populous? If so, what are there rights? Do they even have the right to choose to go or not to go to school, or is this, the rights of the parents and society? Our society is now more than ever concerned with our rights and feelings. Is a first graders mind able to use these rights for there best interest or is it up to the adult population? Parents are the ones who should teach and mentor the students in the spirit of the rights and how to use them for the good judgment and common sense. The Bible says, For I, too, was once a son, tenderly loved by my mother as an only child, and the companion of my father. He told me never to forget his words. If you follow them, he said, you will have a long and happy life. Learn to be wise, he said, and develop good judgment and common sense! I cannot overemphasize this point. (Proverbs 3: 3-5). Is it more important for us to make a place where the student can improve in the general sense compared to the First amendment claims that the students dont have the right of free expression? Any dress restriction that infringes on a students First Amendment right must be justified by a showing that the students attire materially disrupts school operation, infringes on the rights of others at the school, or otherwise interferes with any basic educational mission of he school (Grantham 1994). The legal aspect of requiring students to ware uniforms is a small matter if the majority of the parents back the policy. However, some will fight with every penny they have so that their kids will not have to ware the uniforms. The biggest legal issue is the First Amendments, right to free expression and the Fourteenth Amendment. They use this to say that the school has violated the students liberty to control his or her personal appearance ( Paliokos 1996). Stakeholders are involved in every part of this issue. Every person is a stakeholder. It will affect, children, adults, and elderly in one way or another, some more than others will. The children will be affected because they will have to ware the uniforms. Primary social stakeholders would be the students, parents, school employees and administrators, taxpayers, people opposed to and people for school uniforms. I dont have children but I am a stakeholder because if the uniform policy is voted on and passed the chances are my local school tax will increase to help pay for the new uniforms. Paying for the uniforms might not seem fair to someone in my position but if I look at the long term benefits of having our public schools improve the students I believe that the chances of a better society in my golden years is more likely to happen compared with the alternative of not improving the students. The improvement of students basic education holds very high stakes for all stakeholders. If a student receives a better education he/she will have a better chance and be better equipped to be part of our adult society in which they will have to abide by our standard. The responsibility of the schools and lawmakers is to improve students. They are also responsible to do this within a budget. This does mean there will be some compromises and restrictions to what and how they accomplish this task of improving the students. They must also stay within the legal aspects of our laws, which has been brought about by society from the past. If the laws are no longer valid they need to be changed for the current situations faced today by schools trying to improve students. Lets look at the stakeholders and what stakes they face. See stakeholder map Appendix C. Students, parents, teachers, school administrators, and the general society are the stakeholders we will look at although there are many more secondary stakeholders involved with this issue. What challenges, threats or opportunities do these stakeholders pose? What economic, legal, ethical, and philanthropic responsibilities do they have? We will start by looking at the students. The challenge they have has been a negative and stressful one, what to wear today? is a question that will no longer have to be asked each morning before school. The desire to have the coolest and newest fashions is no longer a challenge for the students who attend schools with uniform policies. The challenge to not be teased or laughed at is no longer there. Jacqueline Rios, a student at Glencrest Middle School said, The good thing about uniforms is that everybody wears the same color. And having uniforms is a lot better, because people cannot talk about and laugh at your clothes. (Teeter 1997). We do however have the threat that some of the opposing students will not comply which could cause discipline problems or even cause them to drop out of school. The opportunities for the students are all positive ones. Simply put they will have more opportunities to better themselves with academic issues because the priority of fashion standards is gone as Assistant Director of elementary school operations, Frankie Batts, said, Instead of worrying about their clothes or what everyone else is wearing, kids focus on math and reading, (Richardson 1995). Parents will also enjoy the decreasing challenge of keeping their kids in the newest fashions. The money issue will improve for them, Three outfits can run about $130, said Jan Underwood, owner of the U. T. W. Uniforms store in Fort Worth (Teeters 1997). Parents have had to struggle with deciding if what there kids are warring is proper. You might even ask, is it ethical to let my daughter go to school in an almost see-through and skintight outfit? The students being at a school with a uniform policy would now solve this problem. A possible threat from the parents would be from those who feel and believe that kids should be able to do and ware what they want and to force them to ware a uniform is a violation of their kids rights as well as the law. They do however seem to be the minority, most parents seem to support uniforms. The Longview Independent School district says they would support the decision for school uniforms if 75 to 80 percent of the parents were for it (Bell 2000). Teachers will have the challenge of enforcing the new uniform polices but it will be much easier then enforcing the current dress code. At most, schools the guidelines of a dress code can be subjective in determining if they meet the requirements. Lets say, if the school dress policy said that girls must ware skirts that go down to there knees and a student is seen warring one that does meet that requirement but it is see-through and she is not wearing underpants. This could cause a problem because the requirement is subjective. If the uniform policy was in effect this would not be because the see-through skirt would either be part of the uniform and accepted or not, it would now be an objective decision for the teacher to make, either it is a violation or not. One of the great opportunities that it would give the teachers is by having all the students dress alike they would be able to identify students who belong to the school and trespassers who dont. This is a great safety issue in todays times where it is important to regulate who comes on campuses. How about on a school field trip would it not be easier to identify your students in a crowd if you did not have to remember what everyone was warring. Say they were kidnapped would it not be easier to describe them to the police. School administrators have all the issues to deal with. They are the ones who are challenged to improve the students. They have the challenge to implement school policies like uniforms in an effort to improve students. Their decisions go from the smallest detail, what colors, what style, what material, all or which can have either positive or negative effects on other stakeholders. They must accomplish this and be able to stay within the legal, economic and ethical parameters that currently guide their decisions. What a privilege they have with this opportunity to improve students who will in turn improve society and possibly the entire world. Though this is a great opportunity, it is also a great responsibility to have. General society has a stake that is both short term and long term. On the short term, they will have to support the decisions of the uniform policies that are imposed upon the students and parents. Some of the long-term stakes would be requiring paying for some of the uniforms for students who cannot afford them. For the few who oppose the uniforms they will not have to compromise their beliefs so that their kids can get an education. The Texas 1995 law allows some exceptions to the rules with a written request that states a bona fide religious or philosophical objection to the requirement. (Appendix A) Some recommendations that should be looked at by schools before starting a uniform policy could help reduce the problems that occur from putting new policies into effect. They need to be able to justify the actions by demonstrating the link between a kind of dress and disruptive behavior or between a dress and improvements of the students. They should consult with the schools legal advisors to possible legal problems. Determine ways of enforcing the policy as well as what punishment would occur. Finding out what the parents and students think and involving them before the final starting date. They might try to find out what the students favorite color or type of material they want to use. They might even look at having some variety maybe two different colors. This way the students will feel included in the decisions and might not fight the policy, making the discipline problem smaller because they would be less likely to rebel. A financial study should be conducted prior to the policy to determine how much burden is going to be imposed on the school itself, how many students would require financial assistance with the cost of the uniforms. By keeping the primary stakeholders involved with the decisions prior to making the policy, schools have a better chance of success from the uniform policy. Appendix A Sec. 11. 162. School Uniforms. a) The board of trustees of an independent school district may adopt rules that require students at a school in the district to wear school uniforms if the board determines that the requirement would improve the learning environment at the school. (b) The rules the board of trustees adopts must designate a source of funding that shall be used in providing uniforms for students at the school who are educationally disadvantaged. (c) A parent or guardian of a student assigned to attend a school at which students are required to wear school uniforms may choose for the student to be exempted from the requirement or to transfer to a school at which students are not required to wear uniforms and at which space is available if the parent or guardian provides a written statement that, as determined by the board of trustees, states a bona fide religious or philosophical objection to the requirement. (d) Students at a school at which uniforms are required shall wear the uniforms beginning on the 90th day after the date on which the board of trustees adopts the rules that require the uniforms. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg. , ch. 260, Sec. 1, eff. May 30, 1995. Appendix B GRADES K-8 SCHOOL CRIME REPORT SUMMARY Since the inception of required school uniforms in all Long Beach Unified School District elementary and middle schools, in September 1994, school crime here has dropped 86% percent. SCHOOL CRIME REDUCED 1993-94 Before Uniforms 1994-95 Uniforms Required 1995-96 2nd Year with Uniforms 1996-97 3rd Year with Uniforms 1997-98 4th Year with Uniforms 1998-99 5th Year With Uniforms Change K-8 Enrollment 57,497 58,376 59,822 62,039 63,602 65,451 +14% Assault/Battery* 319 214 53 47 46 82 Assault w/Deadly Weapon* 6 3 16 11 8 24 Sex Offenses 57 15 5 4 2 4 -93% Robbery/Extortion 34 12 13 5 3 5 -85%. Chemical Substances 71 29 24 20 27 37 -48% Weapons or Look A like 145 78 28 24 12 36 -75% Vandalism** 1,409 1,155 127 93 98 106 Dangerous Devices 46 23 1 2 0 2 -96% TOTAL 2087 1529 267 206 196 296 -86% *The statewide category of assault has been revised because of different interpretations of what constitutes assault. Verbal threats without physical contact were sometimes reported as assaults. There is also a new, expanded definition of assault with a deadly weapon. Reported now is any item that is actually used in an effort to inflict any bodily harm, i. e. a foot, a fist, a pencil or a comb. **Under the new California Safe Schools Assessment School Crime Report, only vandalism over $100 is included. Some prior years incidents were under $100, so the actual reduction is less than this. Appendix C Bibliography Resources Bell, Becky. LISD group focuses on school uniforms Longview News Journal 22 March 2000; Local California Leads nation in Public School Uniform Use. California School News 31 March 1997: 4 Caruso, Peter. Individuality vs. Conformity: The Issue Behind School Uniforms. NASSP Bulletin 8,581 September 1996: 83-88. Chon, Carl A. Mandatory School Uniforms. The School Administrator 53, 2 February 1996: 22-25 Grantham, Kimberly. Restricting Student Dress in Public Schools. School Law Bulletin 25, Winter 1994: 1-10 Long Beach Crime Report Summary. http://www. lbusd. k12. ca. us/ Paliokas, Kathleen L. Trying Uniforms On for Size. The American School Board Journal 183, 5 May 1996: 32-35 Proverbs. The Bible. The Living Bible. 3; 3-5 Radcliffe, Jennifer. Irving joins movement supporting required attire. Star Telegram 25 March 1999 http://netarrant. net/news/doc/1047/1:NEA/1:NEA032599. html Ramos, Cindy. Capitol moves San Antonio Express-News 1 April 1997 Metro- Education Express: 4B Richardson, Ginger. Student uniforms in vogue at schools in Fort Worth Officials report success of voluntary clothing programs. Fort Worth Star Telegram, 16 August 1995; Metro Teeters, Amy. Growing up in uniform style. Fort Worth Star-Telegram 18 February 1997: Class Acts: 9 Texas State Law 11. 162 of the Texas Education Code. http://www. tea. state. tx. us.

Starbucks †Going Global Fast Essay Example for Free

Starbucks – Going Global Fast Essay Controllable: 1) Promotion. I think that spending only 1% of revenue on advertisement is a bit too little and Starbucks should definitely spend more. 2) Product. In Italy for instance food is popular in cafes. To open shops and be successful in Italy Starbucks should have more differentiated products. 3) Price. Again in Italy price for coffee is a bit less than Starbucks proposes. The only way is to make the price less. Uncontrollable: 1) Starbucks tries to control competition for instance paying for rent twice as much, so competitors cannot get a place or renting empty space. Even though it seems to be controllable, customers can be unsatisfied because of that and also businesses can practice same strategy. It also can lead to bad reputation (it is not nice to do so) 2) Starbucks wants to enter French market. The main problem is strict regulations and labor benefits. Considering some problems with working hours and salary that Starbucks had it would be hard to work in France. 3) Italians know which coffee to drink. Considering this Italian coffee culture and the amount of competitors in Italy it will be very difficult for Starbucks to be famous there. 4) Cultural challenge is the main problem for Starbucks to be global. Every country needs to be treated differently. If in US people got used to very sweet coffee, in Japan they did not. Question 2: Potential risks: 1) In my opinion potential risk is connected with dissatisfaction of employees. If Starbucks will not change its policies, salaries, working hours it will have problems with personnel. Potential solution could be identifying gaps connected with employees and try to make everyone happy. Increase the salary if needed, make the environment for employees friendlier, so they will stay and enjoy their work. 2) Another risk is attracting next generation customers. Younger customers feel uncomfortable already, because almost all stuff is same age as they are. Some do not like the terminology. Starbucks can for instance change the terminology once in a while. Make it in different language every time. It also can hire more diverse workforce, young and not so young, different nationalities, so people will feel more comfortable. 3) Because of complains of employees Starbucks can loose its reputation, which can decrease sales. Its good that Starbucks wants to increase its market share and income, but it would be bad if it will loose its reputation because of that. So it is better to focus on both things together. 4) In international environment Starbucks faces a lot of risks. Cultural risks are the most important ones. For instance language differences, tastes and others. Managers of Starbucks should examine foreign cultures better to understand them and provide them with products they want. 5) Competition is a big risk also. To be more competitive Starbucks should not loose its image and make the products more differentiated. As it says in the case study in Japan Starbucks lost 70% of its profits because of competitors. It’s a huge loss and Starbucks should think and fight with competitors. Question 3: Reading the case I noticed that Starbucks uses unethical strategy. Paying for empty space so competitors cannot make business there is unethical I think and it can damage the image of Starbucks. A lot of customers of Starbucks think of ethical part of the business and this strategy will probably make them think to go to Starbucks or other place. Another issue is that Starbucks experiences decrease in sales and tries to improve this aspect. But all efforts (Starbucks express, cards etc.) do not give the desired outcome. There must be something wrong with their strategy. Low salary to employees is an issue too. Starbucks still does not have stores in 8 states in US. It is controllable. Starbucks can open its stores and make them successful there. Question 4: Starbucks can improve the taste of coffee and make it like Japanese people want. Examine culture better and understand what people want and need. Starbucks also can improve service or make better atmosphere. It also can renovate coffee houses. Develop new menu that will fit tastes of Japanese customers. Also Starbucks should always work and improve to keep customers interested and fight with competition. Japanese people are busy, so maybe it would be convenient for them to buy coffee online.

The Importance Of The Friendship Literature Essay

The Importance Of The Friendship Literature Essay What is a friend? A single soul dwelling in two bodies Aristotle, Lives of eminent Philosophers, (2010) Wikipedia dictionary online. Available from: http://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Aristotle. Accessed 17 July 2010 Nowadays, People live in a new society where often nobody stops what they are doing in order to be worry about the others. People live in a selfish world where the peoples feelings have gone into the background, giving more importance to economic and social stability rather than emotional stability. Although, we believe that for these reasons the friendly relations have been missing; however, this is a serious mistake because people must communicate with others, and they must establish many types of human relationships, but one of the most important is friendship. Friendship is a value that is found in friendships is often the result of a friend demonstrating the following on a consistent basis: the tendency to desire what is best for the other , sympathy and empathy, honesty, perhaps in situations where it may be difficult for others to speak the truth, especially in terms of pointing out the perceived faults of ones counterpart, mutual understanding and compassion, trust in one another; and, able to go to each other for emotional support Friendship definition.(2010).Wikipedia dictionary online. Available from: hHYPERLINK http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friendshipttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friendship. Accessed 17 July 2010 In this opportunity, I want to focus on the importance of friendship which is reflected in two interesting books of the twenty century: The Great Gatsby and Motorcycle Diaries. However, both books were written at different times, places and facts, but in both the characters created strong bonds of friendship in the book plots. It is very interesting to know how is developed the friendship between the main characters: Gatsby and Nick, and Ernesto and Alberto friendship. This is an interesting plot because without a loyal friend, they would not able to give the sense to their lives and the sense of the plots of the books. First of all, the Great Gatsby was written in the 1920s by Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald. During this period, people tried to forget the shock lived because of the World War I, so the people wasted their money in trivial things such as going to parties and drinking in a crazy way. In this book, there is an omniscient narrator, who was Nick Carraway. For that reason, The Great Gatsby is narrated from Nicks point of view. The novel started when Nick came from Minnesota and moved to New York to work in the bond business. After that, he rented a house in a popular and fascinating place called West Egg, where new rich people lived. They were a group of people who made their wealth too quickly to interact with the truly rich. In that place, Nick befriended his neighbor, the mysterious Jay Gatsby, who was famous for its populous parties. Gatsby was born on a farm in North Dakota; working for a millionaire, he made him dedicate his life to the achievement of wealth. The first time that the fr iends, Nick and Gatsby, met was in a party, but they did not interchange any word. After that, Gatsby sent an invitation to Nick to his home because he wanted to talk with him, so they met and talked. Besides in that occasion, they discovered that they participated in the World War I. Gatsby and Nick had a friendship that grew slowly over the course of the story, where Nick was discovering the mysteries of his friend Gatsby. As the novel progressed, Gatsby and Nick started a real friendship because inside the novel there were many trivial situations such as the populous Gatsbys parties. Also, the people lived a life with lies, and they want to show off their wealth. Nick never showed off other thing, he always said the truth and tried to help to his friend Gatsby while Gatsby hide the truth in the being of the novel. In the Gatsby youth, he knew Daisy, who was Nicks cousin, while he was training to be an army officer. They fall in love, and started a relationship, which they never f orgot. Following that, Nick met with Daisy Buchanan and her husband, who attached to the real group of wealthy and lived in the swanky neighborhood of East Egg. Nick facilitated the rekindling of the romance between her and Gatsby because he invited at his home in some occasions to Daisy, and Gatsby gave the first opportunity to meet with Daisy. In this part of the novel, Gatsby needed Nicks help, and Nick gave his support. In the novel, Nick also learns that Gatsby made his fortune through criminal activity, as he was willing to do anything to gain the social position he thought necessary to get Daisy, thus achieving upward social mobility and settle in a wealthy place. However, Nick knew the truth, he always went with Gatsby because Nick was tolerant, and honest, a person who kept secrets. After many events that took place, Daisy and Jay could not have a relationship because Daisy never loved him really, and also she was married with Tom Buchanan. When she had to decide between Ga tsby and Tom, she preferred to continue her life with Tom. Gatsby was very sad because she was his real love, so Nick was there for him when Gatsby needed. Finally Gatsby was killed by Myrtles husband, and Nick was very worried about his friend, so he decided to go at Gatsby home, and he knew that his friend was died. In the Gatsbys funeral, the only person who attended was his father, a man who lived in his house, and Nick, who was his real friend because Nick was with Gatsby ever in his death day as a good friend. Secondly, we have Motorcycle diaries which was written by Ernesto Che Guevara as a result of his daily trips through Latin America. In 1952, one semester before Ernesto Guevara finished his medical studies, he and his old friend Alberto Granado, a biochemist, left Buenos Aires to travel the continent looking for fun and adventure. However, they have different ages they are close friends. They decided to travel because they wanted to intend to work in a leper colony in Peru, but the main purpose was tourism. They have same dreams such as, for example, they wanted to see Latin America for that reason they traveled many months. Initially, transport was the old and scruffy Albertos Norton 500 motorcycle nicknamed La Poderosa II. First, we headed north where they crossed the Andes, and then traveled over that of Chile, through the Atacama Desert and the Peruvian Amazon. In that part of the trip, they suffer many dearths such as they did not have food, water and a warm bed, but they always enjoyed that venture trip because they knew many people. Also, all friends have disagreements, but they passed them because they respect them such as when they had some problems, so they were forced to travel at a slower pace because his transport La Poderosa II could not fixed. For that reason, they arrived in Caracas on July. Ernesto Guevara had health problems, so during this trip Guevara suffered asthmatic problems, and Granado never let him alone because a real friend helps other in problematic situations. When they were traveling to San Pablo leper colony, Ernesto suffered asthmatic attack where Ernesto almost passed away, but he escaped certain death, and because his loyal friend. Alberto was there and applied the medical treatment, so Ernesto survived. Also, the friends encountered the poverty of indigenous people, and knew about the disparity between rich and poor people in Latin America. Both friends could live inside the poverty and they protected themselves as friends m ust do it. In Peru, they worked as volunteers for three weeks in a leper colony in San Pablo. Guevara knew there, the division of society between the working masses and the governing masses. Finally, the friends said good bye, Alberto revealed that his birthday had been on August 8th. Ernesto said that he had always known it. Also, Ernesto never judged his friend. People think that who establish a positive connection in a relationship of friendship, or other positive bonding, they fell emotions that affect positively their immune systems. In both books there are clearly strong connections of friendship between the characters. On the one hand, The Great Gatsby has a relationship of friendship that grew slowly over the course of the story, where Nick was discovering the mysteries of his friend Gatsby. On the other hand, in the book Motorcycle Diaries, Ernesto and Alberto were already old friends but there were more precise in execution by living each of the experiences presented in their journey. Even though, today people live in a selfish society where nobody is worried about what happens with the others, or peoples feeling. There are people who think emotional stability is more important than social stability. People must communicate with others, and they must establish many types of human relationships, but one of the most important is friend ship. There are a number of theories that attempt to explain the link, including that: 1) Good friends encourage their friends to lead more healthy lifestyles; 2) Good friends encourage their friends to seek help and access services, when needed; 3) Good friend enhance their friends coping skills in dealing with illness and other health problems; and/or 4) Good friends actually affect physiological pathways that are protective of health Friendship definition. (2010).Wikipedia online dictionary. Available from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friendship. Accessed 17 July 2010

Essay --

Fear, suffering, danger, pain, and torture. These are all of the feelings that an abused animal feels. Only five states have had law officials directly take action against animal abuse. These states being: Idaho, Hawaii, Kentucky, Mississippi and North Dakota. Animals are abused to their deaths everyday. These owners or abusers have no appreciation for human or animal life at all. The abusers have been lucky enough to get away, with such a serious and cruel crime. And only facing the minimum punishment, or sometimes no punishment at all. Animals have just as much rights to live a happy abuse free life just like many of us do. Animal abusers need to face harsher consequences, before it begins a problem out of hand. In the following essay you will be able to comprehend and realize how bad these abused animals feel everyday. One of the first steps in saving animals and  ­creating effective laws is understanding what animal cruelty really is. There are two types of cruelty: Passive cruelty and Active cruelty. Passive cruelty is when the abuse happens as a result of neglect. It might s...

Brain Development Essay -- Ancient History, Homo Erectus, Evolution

It is 400,000 years ago. A man sits in the mist of the jungle observing two rocks in his hands. Perplexed by their texture and strength, he strikes them together igniting a short spark. Amazed by the phenomenon he has created, he keeps striking the rocks until a huge spark ignites, not only burning his fingers, but setting the plants in front of him on fire. This man, classified as Homo erectus, has set the turning point to the human evolution. Neurobiologists and researchers claim that the discovery of fire has allowed humans to cook food, obtain warmth and protection, and increase over all human activity, all leading to the terrific growth of the human brain. Today, our brains have evolved so complexly that we are not only able to think and communicate, but believe and process both the transcendental and experiential aspects of religion. 500,000 thousand years ago, the hominid brain tripled in its size. Recent studies from Timothy Rowe at the University of Texas in Austin revealed that the first big increases in the brain size were in the olfactory bulb, suggesting that the early humans heavily relied on their noses, helping them sniff out food (Robson, 4). Through the use of fire, early humans were eating more nutritious food that in effect, helped grow their brains. Much of the brain's expansion took place in the neocortex. This part of the brain is involved in processing higher order cognitive functions that are connected with human religiosity. The neocortex is associated with self consciousness, language and emotion. According to Dunbar's theory, "the relative neocortex size of any species correlates with the level of social complexity of the particular species. The neocortex size correlates with social variables such as... ...opment of language, tools, and belief systems all lead to the ultimate creation of religion. Religions are practiced by over 90% of human beings on earth today. The feelings of connection people experience from religion are a function of neurochemistry. Rituals and social or religious gatherings act as serotonin factories to the brain, uplifting one’s moods. Humans created religion to have hope and purpose in their lives when it was dark ad difficult. They wanted to find ways to strengthen their commitments when they felt adrift. Our brain has evolved over centuries, adjusting to circumstances, and growing rapidly to make us more complex beings. It has provided us with religion, giving us a sense of community when we felt isolated and alone. Our brain has provided with morals and principles that are impossible for us to outgrow today. After all, it made us humans!

History of human Essay

The whole history of humankind is inseparably linked to the changes in the dynamics of the population growth that consequently pushed the start of the process of migration. Since ancient times, humankind started to spread from its cradle across the world in quest for a better life. Just recall the Bible stories about the 40 year trip of the Sons of Israel headed by Moses across the desert in search for the land of promise. It might be a fairy tale, but nevertheless it could be the real prove that mass migrations of population have already occurred in those times. Due to absence of reliable information, it’s very hard to estimate the dynamics of people migration throughout the world up to the beginning of the XIX century. At that time European counties started to conduct population census relatively precocious to modern standards. But lets’ get back to the very term â€Å"migration†. Here’s the definitions given by the hyperdictionary. Migration: 1. [n] the movement of persons from one country or locality to another; 2. [n] the periodic passage of groups of animals (especially birds or fishes) from one region to another for feeding or breeding; 3. [n] (chemistry) the nonrandom movement of an atom or radical from one place to another within a molecule; 4. [n] a group of people migrating together (especially in some given time period). However, the definitions relating to the â€Å"people migration† is very brief and I would give the following definition to the term. Migration- is the movement of a person or a group of persons from one locality to other caused by different socioeconomic or other factors. We should differentiate between 2 main types of migration- internal- domestic (people move from one region to another within the borders of one country) and external-interstate migration (from one country to another); we also should discriminate between emigrants (leaving their homeland for a permanent settlement in oversees) and refugees-(those who seek escape from war and disasters, and those people fleeing from persecution based on political or religious beliefs). In last decades the number of people looking for a better life has drastically increased. Nowadays, at the beginning of the XXI century nearly 1 of 35 tellurians is a migrant. If all these people would live in one common state, then it would be the fifth biggest by its population country on the planet with approximately 175 millions of inhabitants. It testifies, that migration is one of the most substantial global sociological phenomenon of our times having a deep impact on the economies and societies ways of life. The last statement is completely proved by the history of the USA, the country that was founded by colonists or in other words migrants. Since the October 12th of 1492 when Columbus have discovered a New World, it became a tasty piece of pie for the European monarchies to bite- a perfect place to develop all the treasuries of new lands and spread the influence. But to conquer the New World, Old Europe needed to build settlements and it led to increase of migrants flow that went to America in hope to get richer, some to escape from never ending wars in Europe, from persecutions based on religious beliefs (Pilligrims), some to propagate Roman-Catholic Christianity. So, the conquest began, but it led to horrible results- many local ethnic groups were wiped out (South America, conquistadors). The whole territory of the New World was divided between the European powers; however the rivalry between them existed, as England was in a constant war with France and its allies. There were one more source for this tension not in Europe but in the New World- it was the population growth of the British continental colonies from 250 thousands people in 1700 up to 1. 75 million in the 1760s. Step by step England forced out France and Spain over the most territories of North America, so London had a vast territories with the population greatly spread over them to guard. With time, the colony was becoming more and more detached from the British Empire. Trying to stop this process, England tried to grab the control over the colony, but with every year the confrontation between colonists and English Parliament grew more and more, until in 1775 American revolution revolved. After gaining independence in 1783, the American society was a ethnic diversity –British (not English as migrants were arriving from all the regions of British isles), French, Spanish colonists, Africans (taken to the continent as slaves), and aborigines- Indian tribes (gradually driven out from their homeland by the colonists). So came the 19th century, the times, when all the circumstances favored the economic growth of the former colony, as there still were undeveloped and wealthy in natural resources lands. The unification of the States and abolishment of slavery favored the arrival of new migrants, so grow the labor force, and it must be added it was a cheap labor force. As a vivid example, is an American railroad system, in building of which Chinese immigrants took a great part (in fact it was build on the bones of the letter, ‘cause of the harsh conditions, absence of health security system and low pay). At those times, a domestic migration rates grew, caused by the well known discovery of gold in Alaska and California (Gold Fever). Poor people from all over the country rushed to those places in hope to find gold and get rich. By the end of 19 century the American nation still was not completely formed. It was rather a â€Å"pot mix† of nations than an ultimately formed nation. The flow of immigrants have not stopped, but received a new push after the beginning of WWI and with subsequent fall of European Empires (Austrian -Hungarian and Russian empire). In those and succeeding years, the number of emigrants from Europe, especially from former Russian Empire has drastically grown. Those emigrants helped to build the economy of the US, as many of them were not just simple unskilled workers, but in many cases intelligent persons. For example, Igor Ivanovich Sikorsky, a famous Russian-American aircraft designer, who was born in Kiev (Ukraine, state within the Russian Empire) and after the revolution immigrated to the USA. Altogether, with his friends and companion-who were also emigrants from Russia, he founded his company â€Å"Sikorsky Aviaengeneering† that some time later became a part of â€Å"United Aircraft† company. In 1972 he passed away being a honorable member of different scientific societies and having a lot of different awards. The man is gone long time ago, but still the design bureau bearing his name produce aircrafts. However, not always the migrants were warmly received. In last decades, many countries have made their policy line much tougher concerning reception and help given to refugees and immigrants. According to the UN statistics, such measures have shown themselves in increased number of refugee status accordance denial. The emigrants and refugees experienced and experience lots of problems beside the migration rules and regulations, but also the confront a much more serious problem, such as – xenophobia, a highly negative attitude of native population toward the comers There’re many reasons for such attitude (just recall Martin Scorsese’s â€Å"Gangs Of New York â€Å"). As usually migrants are coming from the poorer states and ready to work for less money then the native population. In most cases here, the natives are afraid that comers would take their job places. Moreover, illegal migrants may easily beef up the criminal lines, as in most cases they unqualified and unable to find job. There’s also a collision of cultures and mentalities. In such rugged conditions, the migrants start to consolidate and create detached groups, living on own principles, preserving their original way of life. It’s some kind of a protective mechanism against new socium. For example, in many American cities, there’re many culturally â€Å"detached† areas such as China Town and Briton Beach (Russian quarters in Big Apple) etc. In those places, the migrants preserving their native culture and customs, it’s a place where the migrants attempt to reproduce the things they had at homeland. Nevertheless, these days, immigrants constitute an important part of a labor –market in industrially developed countries. According to the statistics of OECD (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development), in many Western states, the interest for the labor potential of foreigners is on the rise. Here we could divide the demand for labor force into two categories- demand for unskilled and demand for qualified laborers. The developed countries are in a constant need for a cheap work force to work in some industries, where the local don’t want to work, for example building industry. So here help the migrant workers. These laborers in most cases work temporarily until their visa expire, then in some time they return back home otherwise become illegal immigrants. The qualified workers in most cases go to the developed countries for a permanent residence, called by the companies interested in their services. In most cases, these companies are working in the Hi-Tech sphere of business, and the latter is booming today, so there’s a lack of well qualified staff to fit the demand. As one of the examples was a problem of â€Å"Y2K†, when most of IT companies in the USA and other countries felt the need to increase the number of qualified personnel to fix the bug in computers before the upcoming of the year 2000. There’s another very interesting fact about the immigrants. It’s the money they send back home to families, they are of a great importance for developing countries economies. In values, such money transfers are taking the second place after the foreign investments as a source of oversees inpayments into the economy of developing countries. In 2002 the total amount of individual foreign transfers to developing countries constituted 72,3 billions dollars. The other important issue of that global community facing toady is illegal human trafficking. It’s not just illegal border crossing, but a very profitable business for the international crime syndicates, that proliferates prostitution, slave labor etc. This problem is or highest importance for the international community and today there’s an urgent need to consolidate all efforts of international bodies and of all the counties to stop this dirty business sucking huge profits from the eternal human strive to find a better life†¦ References 1. www. hyperdictionary. com 2. http://www. geocities. com/davidbofinger/vinland_h. htm 3. http://historicaltextarchive. com/sections. php? op=viewarticle&artid=651 4. http://historicaltextarchive. com/sections. php? op=viewarticle&artid=597 5. http://www. sikorskyarchives. com/indexlnk. html 6. http://www. un. org/popin/data. html 7. www. oecd. org 8. www. oecdobserver. org/